Honeywell King Bendix RDR 2000 Digital Weather Radar System Pilots Guide

Pilot’s Guide RDR 2000 Digital Weather Radar System B S a 006-08755-0001 Revision 3

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Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 Table of Contents RDR 2000 OPERATIONAL CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 TEST PATTERN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 FAULT ANNUNCIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 PREFLIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 PREFLIGHT WARNINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 THEORY OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 RADAR PRINCIPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 WEATHER RADAR PRINCIPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 RADAR BEAM ILLUMINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 RADAR TILT ANGLE CALCULATOR USER INSTRUCTIONS . . .10 RADAR REFLECTIVITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 WEATHER DISPLAY CALIBRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 WEATHER ATTENUATION COMPENSATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 TARGET ALERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 ALTITUDE RING (RANGE RING) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 RADOMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 WEATHER MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 OBSERVING WEATHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 THUNDERSTORMS & TURBULENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 TORNADOES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 HAIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 ICING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 SNOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 LIGHTNING AND STATIC DISCHARGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 GROUND MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 LOOKING ANGLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 OPERATION IN-FLIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 TILT MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 EARLY DETECTION OF ENROUTE WEATHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 SEPARATION OF WEATHER AND GROUND TARGETS . . . . . .29 SHADOWED AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 i

Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 Table of Contents TARGET RESOLUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 RANGE RESOLUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 AZIMUTH RESOLUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 PATH PLANNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PATH PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 ANTENNA STABILIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 CRITERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 PITCH ERRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 TURN ERRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 EFFECT ON RADAR STABILIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 DURING TAKEOFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 SHALLOW-BANKED TURNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 STABILIZATION LIMITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 STABILIZATION FLIGHT TEST CHECKLIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 VERTICAL PROFILE (VP) THEORY OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 VP OPERATION IN-FLIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 VERTICAL PROFILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 WEATHER RADAR INTERFERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 CHECKLIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 MOVING-MAP NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 RDR 2000 SENSOR (ANTENNA, RECEIVER, TRANSMITTER) . . . . .57 INDICATOR IN-182A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 APPENDIX: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 LICENSE REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 SAFETY INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 ii

Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 1 Operational Controls RDR 2000 OPERATIONAL CONTROLS BRT - Controls brightness of the indicator display (CW rotation for max brightness). Wx/WxA - Alternately selects between the Wx (weather) and WxA (weather-alert) modes of operation. “Wx” or “WxA” will appear in the lower left of the display. Wx or WxA colors are: Black for no returns, Green for weak returns, Yellow for moderate returns, Red for heavy returns and Magenta for intense returns. When the WxA mode is selected, magenta areas of storms flash between magenta and black at a 1 HZ rate. VP - Selects and deselects the Vertical Profile mode of operation. When VP is selected on the indicator the radar will provide a vertical scan of ±30 degrees at the location of the horizontal track line. Selecting the VP mode of operation will not change the selected mode of operation: TST, Wx, WxA or GND MAP. Once in VP, these modes may be changed as desired. VP will engage from the NAV MAP mode, but NAV data will not be displayed during VP operation. NAV MAP - Places indicator in navigation mode so that preprogrammed waypoints may be displayed. If other modes are also selected, the NAV display will be superimposed on them. This button is effective only if an optional radar graphics unit and Flight Management System is installed. If activated without these units, NO NAV will appear at lower left of screen. The radar will display weather when NAV MAP is selected if the radar selector is in the ON position. GND MAP - Places the radar system in ground mapping mode. Gain control capability is configurable at installation to be enabled or disabled in ground map mode. Ground map colors are: green for weak returns, yellow for moderate returns and magenta for intense returns. “MAP” will appear on the lower left of the display.

Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 Operational Controls 2 GAIN - The gain knob adjusts the radar gain from 0 to -20 dB (CCW rotation reduces gain). The gain knob will only function when in the MAP mode. LOG - Used when Bendix/King radar graphics units are installed. A listing of the latitudes and longitudes of selected waypoints are displayed. When a compatible navigation source is installed, the selected VOR frequencies along with bearings and distances are also displayed. The radar transmits in the LOG mode, unless a Bendix/King radar graphics unit (IU-2023, GC-360A or GC-381A) is installed. ON - Selects the normal condition of operation for weather detection and/or other modes of operation. The system will transmit after a 60 second warm-up time is completed. The radar system ini- tializes to the Wx mode, 80 nm. Note: The 60 second warm up period can be monitored upon power up of the system. When the knob is switched directly from OFF to ON mode (or LOG mode with no Bendix/King radar graphics unit installed), the display will blank. As the radar sweeps the blue/white will grow outward. Just before the warm up period is complete, the screen will turn black for a few seconds, then the radar will begin transmitting and the screen will display radar returns. No radar transmissions occur until the warm up period is complete. TST - The multicolored arc display test pattern is displayed in this mode of operation. The test pattern (typical 4-color test pattern on page 4) is initialized and sized to fit the 80 nm range and can also be scaled with the range select buttons. No radar transmissions occur while TST is selected. TEST will appear in the lower left of the display. STAB OFF is always displayed in top left. SBY - Fully energizes the system circuitry but no radar transmissions occur in the SBY mode of operation. The antenna is parked at 0 degrees azimuth and 30 degrees tilt down with the antenna drive motors locked. In the standby mode of operation, NAV MAP, checklist and TCAS traffic can be activated with a Bendix/King radar graphics unit (IU-2023B, GC-360A, GC-362A or GC-381A) installed. SBY will appear in the lower left of the display.

Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 3 Operational Controls OFF - Removes primary power from the radar indicator, but the radar still has power applied. The radar will remain active with no radar transmissions occurring, for up to a maximum time of 30 seconds. This time delay allows time to park the antenna at 0 degrees azimuth and 30 degrees tilt down. Note: The only way to remove primary power from the radar is to pull the radar circuit breaker. RNG - Clears the display and advances the indicator to the next range. The upper button increases range, the lower button decreases it. The RDR 2000 display ranges are: 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 240 nm. The selected range is displayed in the upper right corner of the display with the range ring distance displayed along the right edge. TRK - Provides a yellow track centerline for vertical profile. With the radar on and a track button pushed, the track line position moves left or right in 1 degree increments at a rate of about 15 degrees per second. When Vertical Profile mode is selected, the antenna scans the slice at the track line azimuth position. While in Vertical Profile mode, the TRK buttons move the slice left and right. The azimuth position of the antenna is displayed on the upper left corner of the indicator. TILT - Permits manual adjustment of antenna tilt 15° up or down for best indicator presentation. The tilt angle is displayed in the upper right corner of the display.

4 Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 Operational Controls TEST PATTERN FAULT ANNUNCIATIONS Fault annunciations are a method of alerting the pilot that the radar system is not performing to established standards. Built-in test equip- ment (BITE) automatically and constantly tests the radar system. If a fault occurs, the fault annunciation will be presented on the Display unit. There are two general categories of faults: hard failures and soft failure/annunciations. By careful observation of the Display, you can quickly evaluate the condition of the ART 2000. Hard failures are those which occur when a major function of the system is lost. Hard failures are typically a total loss of transmitter power, receiver gain or no antenna scan. Turn off system. Should the system be left on, further damage to other system components could occur. Hard Failures: Annunciation Failure TX FLT Transmitter failure 429 FLT Loss of 429 bus data ANT FLT Loss of antenna position IN FLT 6 Loss of communication between display and ART

Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 5 Preflight Note: A TX FLT is indicated if the Strut switch is configured to be active and the aircraft is on the ground. Soft failures are those which can cause limited system operation, Radar data will still be displayed but the flight crew should be aware that the display does not necessarily represent the true weather. Soft failures are typically configuration problem, stabilization problems, or some sim- ilar problem. Soft Failures: Annunciation Cause TX FLT alternating with ANT FLT Configuration module not being read STAB LMT Stab. Is exceeding ±30˚ STAB OFF Alert that the scan is not being stabilized PREFLIGHT PREFLIGHT WARNINGS Do not turn the radar on within 5 feet of containers of flammable or explosive material. The radar should never be operated during fueling. Do not attempt to operate the radar until you are completely familiar with all safety information, including that on pages 58 through 61. The system always transmits in the ON mode, unless the aircraft is on the ground and the radar is interfaced to the strut switch. The radar transmits in LOG mode if the radar is not interfaced to a Bendix/King radar graphics unit. The system never transmits in the OFF, SBY or TST modes. Accomplish the following procedures completely and exactly. 1) Place the radar controls in the following positions: • Function switch to TST • Tilt to UP 7 (as shown on the indicator display, upper right corner). The test pattern will appear. See that the test pattern conforms to the illustration (The test pattern is sized to fit the 80 nm range and can be scaled with the range buttons), and observe the “update” action as a small ripple moves across the display along the outer edge.

6 Effective Date: 5/98 RDR 2000 Pilot's Guide: Rev 3 Preflight 2) With the function switch in TST or SBY, taxi to a clear area where there are no people, aircraft, vehicles, or metallic buildings within approximately 100 yards. 3) Rotate the function switch to ON. The indicator will automatically display in the Wx mode and 80 nm range. Any targets (weather or ground) will be displayed in green, yellow, red, or magenta. (Note: A 60 second warm up time period is required before the system will transmit). 4) Press the range-down button to display 40 nm as the maximum range. 5) Press the WxA button and observe that magenta areas (if any) flash. 6) Vary the tilt control manually between 0 and up 15 degrees and observe that close-in “ground clutter” appears at lower settings and that any local rain appears at higher settings. 7) Repeat the manual tilt adjustment, this time between the 0 and down 15 degrees positions. 8) Return the function switch to TST or SBY before taxiing! 9) When you are ready for weather detection (after takeoff or just before), place the function switch to ON and operate the system as described in the Operation In-Flight section.

Honeywell King Bendix RDR 2000 Digital Weather Radar System Pilots Guide

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