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4th - Edition
TTLE VAL \

- ----- - - - - -
IllbOduclion
Sudco International IS America's leading
source for Mikuni aftermarket carburetors, parts,
accessories, and information. Sudco has been selling
Mikuni products to the powersports industry for
over twenty five years and continues
to provide the most comprehensive service
available for Mikuni aftermarket products.
The Sudco / Mikunj tuning manual is a compilation
of official Mikuni techuical manuals combined with
years of hands on experience setting up, tunjng, and
troubleshooting Mikuni products. All information
contained within this manual is specific to Mikuni
aftennarket carburetor designs only. The Milami
aftermarket division does not represent the exact
Mikuni products which may have been supplied by
the Original Equipment Manufacturer. In most cases,
the parts from aftermarket carb designs are not inter-
changeable with OEM carburetors.
Please take the time to read the chapter
on general carburetor theory and operation.
Sudco has o~n been called upon to troubleshoot
carburetor pr9blems. Many types of problems can
be identi. fied and solved with an understanding of
carburetor fuddamentals. Motorcycle perfonnance
does not have to be compljcated if you have the
basic knowledge.
It is our hope that you will use this mauual
as a guide and reference tool as do many schools and
race mechanics.
! ,.,_ .. ,e

1I81E 01 CONIENTS
Basic slide carburetor theory and operation.
General Mikuni carburetor circuitry
and tuning for motorcycle applications.
Ttoubleshooting, general procedures,
and techniques to determine rich from lean.
Carburetbr synchronization -
VM Smoothbores, RS and others.
Carburetors and related parts charts
A. ~Roundslide
B. Throttle Valves
C. VM29 Smoothbore
D. VM33 Smoothbore
E. TM Flatslide
F. TMX Flatslide
G. TM33 Flatslide
H. HS40 (TM40) Flatslide
1. HSR42J45J48 Smoothbore
J. RS Smoothbore
General Mikuni tuning parts - motorcycle carbs
A. Main & Pilot Jets
B. Needle Jets
C. Jet Needles
D. Ma nifolds and Adapters
E. Fuel Pumps
F. Carburetor Accessories
G. Carb Kits
H. Pingel Products
I. K&N Filters & Flame Arresters
Watercraft Carburetors
Tools
Reading Spark Plugs
~
2
3
9
13
15 - 57
15-23
24-25
26-27
28~29
30-33
34-38
39
40-44
45-52
53-57
58-70
58-59
60 .. 62
63-1'0
71
72
73
74
75
76-77
78-90
91
92
1

2
VENlURIOPBUDlON
Operation of a Simple Venturi
The Mikuni slide type carburetors descrihed in this manual are
also known as "variable venluri" type carburetors. A venturi is a
restriction within the carburelor designed to speed up the air flowing
through Ihe carbo It is al the poinl of the smaJ. lcst cross section thai the
incoming air flow will have thc greatesl velocity. As air /low spe.xls up
10 pass thmugh the venturi, il loses pressure. It is at this poinl that the
pressure within the carb thIoa! will be at its lowest; this is called
"d cpr e s s ion"
At Ihis point of maximum depression. the fuel will be
introduced 10 the air stream. ID order to transfer fuel from the fuel
chamber inlo the carburelor venturi, a small tube is placed into the
venturi which connects the fuel load in the chamber 10 dle venturi. The
fue! chamber is open 10 atmospheric pressure (J 5 psi approx.) and the
pick up rube is exposed 10 the depression within thc vennui. The
differeoce ill pressure will attempt to equalize through Lhe pick up tube,
pushing fuel from the fuel chamber into the venturi. The fuel is mixed
with the incoming air and delivered to the engine down stream. This is
the basic principle by which all carburelors opera Ie.
It is important to remember thai it is the pressurc difference
between thc fuel chambe( and the venturi which pushes the fuel into
the intake air slream. The presence of engine vacuum a!one is not
enough to draw fuel into the intake pon. Wilhout thc atmospheric
pressure in thc fuel chamber, the fuel could not be delivered into the
inlake pon.
The above model will serve a single speed engine very weI!
with the .venturi becoming Ihe throttle. The engine will run alone
speed only, dcpending upon Ihe size of Ihe venturi. Because
motorcycles are operated al various engine speeds, there needs 10 be a
way 10 conb"ol the speed of the engine.
In order to throttle dow'1) this wide open carburetor design,
Mikuni has inserted a slide which crosses the carburetor throat to
conb"ol air flow to the engine, limiting engine speed according 10 slide
lift . This slide lift varies the cross section of the carburetor bore III the
venturi painl llJ.is is how slide carburetors become known as dvariable
ve n I uri .,
These variable ventwi type carburetors are very good at maintaining
high air speeds within the carburetor throal and generally olIer better
overall perfonnancc than most other carburelor designs.
From this simple fuel delivery circuit, carburetor designers will
add and divide this circuitry in oruer 10 tailor the mixture available to
the engjne, enabling it 10 run aCCUr.llely at a wide variety of speeds and
loads.
Air ~t
Atmospht:rJ,
Pressure
I
Almaspht:rJ,
Pressure (15fJ$/)
o Air • FilS!
AIm/)$fJhl'"
Pre$slIre ( 6Psl)
o AIr .FIJel
Operation of a Variable Venturi
MixltJrf
All Mikuni motorcycle carburelors described in tbis manual are
of the variable venturi type. With Ihis Iype of carburelor, the
maximum depression zone is beneath the throttle valve (slide) which
is raised and lowered by the Ihrollie cable, conrrolling the speed of
the engine. As shown in the drawing, Ibe bOllom of the slide features
a tapered needle which fits into tbe fuel pick up tube (needle jet) 10
meter the fuel delivery of the tube from about a 1/4 throttle to 3/4
throttle. From 3/4 to full lhrollle, the needle will be 100 narrow to
affeCI (he fuel flow of the tube. From this point on, the fuel now of
the rube is metered by the main jel which is positioned at the bonom
of the tube.
The above description is a simple model of the main circuil
common 10 most Mjkuni slide type carburetors, Tile following
chapter contains a more complete descriplion of Mikuni motorcycle
carburelor design and fuel delivery circuits.
M~Jmum Depression lDne
..... 1---- fuel Chlmbet

-
GENERAl. MIKUNI SUDE CARB CIRCURRY
This manual is intended as a guide for users of Mikuni
carburetors who want to learn the basic methods of tuning and
adjusting to obtain top performance and fuel economy. The aJTOWS
that appear in the drawings in this tcxt show direction in which air,
fuel, and air-fuel mixrure flows.
[nfonnation herewith obtained from Mikuni engineering daJa and manuals.
1. CARBURETOR FUNCDON
The function ofa carbUTetor is to deliver a combustible air-fuel mixture
10 the engine. However, in order to be effective, it must first break the
fuel into !iny particles (in the form of vapor) and then mix the fuel with
air in a proper ralio so il can bum without leaving excess fuel or air.
2_ AIR-FUEL MIXTURE (Fig.I)
The mixture of the air-fuel ratio is generally expressed by its relative
weight proportion. For example, the amounl of air required for
compiete combustion of I gram of fuel under nonnal conditions is:
A,(·fu6i mLllwro
14 .. 1
16.1
18.1 '
,-~,~ .. -.--------------- .. ,~
1I\ .. O,&I,C61 O"i),)((ure (11;0
-'
15 ~,~,J\< ,,1 Air .-:
100
RA TlO-------
MixtureQ
1 9r~m of Fuel ~
Varying mixrure ratios are required for the engine depending on
operating conditions. Although the required mixture rario varies more
or less with the type of engine, its cooling efficiency, etc .. the mixture
ratio shown in fig, I is required for ordinary engines. In the high speed
range the ratio of about 12 to 13 grams of air for I gram of fuel
produces the maximum output. However, in the case of an engine with
low cooling efficiency, a somewhat richer mixture (10 to 12 grams of
air against I gram of fuel) may be required to prevent seizure of the
engine.
3. FUNCflONS AND CONSTRUCIlON
MIKUNI SLIDE lYPE CARBURETORS
Motorcycle engines are operated under a wide range of conditions,
from idling with the throttle valve (Fig.2( I)) remaining almost elosed,
to the full load (the maximum output) with the throttle valve fully
opened. In order to meet the requirements for the proper mixrure ratio
under these varying conditions, a low-speed fuel system (the pilol
system) and a main fuel system (the main system) arc provided in
Mikuni Slide-type carburetors, except Mikuni TMS.
A. - The Pilot System
Low-speed fuel system (Fig.2 and Fig.))
Since lhe engine is operated with the throttle valve almost closed at
idling or in the low speed range, the velocity ofaiT flowing through
the needle jet (2) is slow. Consequently, a vacuum strong enough to
draw fuel from the needle jet in main fuel system is not created. The
fuel supply during this low speed operation is controlled by means of
the pilot outlet (3) aud the bypass (4) that arc situated nearest to the
engine. At idle, when lhe throttle valve is slightly opened. fuel
metered by the pilot jet (5) is mixed with air adjusted in a proper
amount by the air screw (6) aud is broken into fme vapor panicles.
I'
~ .
11 II
~-:.--;; -_.:-=~ J ~
-..:C!)---- j.
The mixture is again mixed with air coming from the bypass and is
drown into the pilot outlet to mix with air flowing through the main bore (7).
The fuel mixed with air at this stage then goes 10 into the engine. When the
thronle valve is opened slighLly during low speed operation. the pilot ouLiet
alone cannot supply the required fuel and the shortage has to be made up
with fuel injected from L1le from the bypass. The adjustment of the mixrure
ratio during this stage is made by the pilot jet and the air screw. as in the case
of a two-hole type fuel system
(Fig.3). While lit low speed
operation, if full throttle is
initiated a similar shortage of
fuel again has to be injected
from me bypass until enough
(vacuum) can be created to
draw fuel from the main fuel
system. There is also a one-hole
type low speed fuel system
mainly used for carburetors
having a smaJJ main bore. TI'tC
process of producing the air fuel
mixture and of adjusting the
mixture ratio are the same as in
a two-hole type low speed
system.
3

4
GENERAl. MIKUNI SUOE CARB CIRCURlY
B. - Main Fuel System
On Mikuni YM-type carburetors, the pilot sy&tem and the main system
are of independent construction. TIle fild Oow in these two systems is
shown in Figj. There are two types of main fuel system; one is a primary
!)pC used widely for 2-cycle engines and the other is a bleed type which is
nonnaUy used for 4-cycle engines !IS weU as for rotaIy valve 2-cycle
engines.
Sudeo uses primary type needle jets in most 4-cycle VM
applications. [t is important to note (Fig.S) that the main system
mixture delivery is in addition to the mixture delivered by the pilot
system. Therefore, adjustments to the pilot system should be made
first. as they will affect the adjustment of the main system to a
diminishing extent as the throttle is opened from 114 to full throttlc.
10Iai amount 01 fuel flow
Plio' fuel system
Throttle valve ooenlllg t'lbl
Primary Type (Fig.6)
When the throttle valve is opened about 1/4 or more, the velocity of air
flowing through the needle jet (10) increases and also the vacuum
increases to the point where fuel can be sucked in. When the opening of
throttle valve (I) is between a quarter and three quaners, fuel passes
through the main jet (9) and, after being metered in the clearance
between the needle jet
(10) and the needle
(J I), it is mixed with
air that is metered by
the air jet (12) and
atomization of the fuel
is accelerated.
The mixrure is
then injected, after
mixing with air
/lowing through the
main bore (7), to the
engine in the
optimum air-fuel
ratio. During this
process of operation,
the cutaway of the
throttle valve serves
10 control the
vacuum on the
needle jet, thereby
regulating the amount of fueltbat is injected to the engine. When the
throttle valve is opened more than three quarters high speed
operation, fuel is metered chiefly by the main jet (9).
Bleed Type (Fig.7) The construction of the bleed-type (10) main fuel
system is the same as trot of the pri.rnaJy type, except for the bleed holes
that are provided in the
need Ie jets.
In the case of
the primary type, air
which comes from the
main air jet is mixed
with the raw fuel after
it has been metered by
needle jet and needle.
nus atomization takes
place behind the nozzle
screen or shroud above
the needle jet outlet.
The bleed type 00 the
other hand is designed
to bleed the air coming
from the main air jet
into the body seclion of
the needle jet where it
is emu lsi (jed with the
fuel coming up from
the bollorn.
The needle jet and
needle then meter a
blend of air/fuel, resulting in a finer atomization and generally leaner
mixture than the same size primary type needle jet.
C. - Float System (Fig.8)
The float system serves to main lain a constant level of fuel in the bowl. Foci
flows through tlte needle valve (14) and enters the float ebalDbcr (15). As the
fu<!1 enters the float chamber, the floal (16) moves upward 10 ils pre-
delemtined level because of buoyancy. When the fuel reaches the pre-
detemlined level. the needle valve begins to close due to Ihe lever aClion of
the float:mn rising as the float 3ltains buoyancy, thu:; shuning olTthe st.rpply
of fuel.
The fuel level
in the bowl eonrrols
the amount of fuel
which is metered to
makc the optimUl'l
fuel mi;dure. For
examplc, too high a
level allow~ morc
fuel than necess.ary
10 leave the needle
jet. enrichillg the
mixture. Too Iowa
level resu Its in :I
leaner mixture, as not
enough fuel leaves
the need Ie jet.
Therefore, the pre-
dctcnnincd fuel level
should nOI be
changed arbitrarily.

-
-
D. - Starter System (Fig.9)
Ralher than 8 choke, the enrichener type staner system
is employed. for
Mikuni
carburetors. The
enrichenerstaner
type, fuel and air.
for starting the
engine are metered
byenlirely
independent jets.
The fuel melered
by the starter jel
(17) is mixed with
air and is broken
into tiny particles
in Ihe emulsion
tube (18). The
mixture Ihen flows inlD the plunger area (19), mixes again with air coming
from the the air intake port for starting and is delivem.:llo the eogine in the
optimum air-fuel ratio through the fuel discharge passage (21) . ThE:
eorichener is opened and closed by means of the starter phmger (22). Since
Ihe enrichener is constructed so as to Ulilize the Vllcuum of the inlel passage
(20), it is important thaI the throttle valve is closed when starting the
engJJIe.
4. TUNE UP & CARBURETOR SELECTION
T lUling up nonnaIJy means a process of IICCUrBte and careful adjuslmeot 10
obtain maximum engine performance. Although, it means in a broad sense,
an economical improvement in fuel consumption. Improvement of power
oulput of the engine depends on the amOWlt of air drawn into the cylinder per
unil time. A practice generally followed for engine rune-up inchldes:
1) To improve suction efficiency and exhaust efficiency
by remodeling the intake aod exhaust system
Z) To improve combustion efficiency by raising the compression
ratio
3) To increase the number of revolutiollli by adjusting the ignition
timing
Output
I f------+----+--+-----+------::>-7--j
HPr---r-~,---.-~~~~---1
Revolutions per m~rlUle (Apm)
A.-Carburetor Main Bore Size Selection
One of the prerequisites [or improving !he output is to use a carburetor with as
large a main bore. as posstble. However, a large main bore alone does not
nec=IDJy improve the output. As shown in Fig.J 0, it is \rue thal a large main
bore improves the power output in dlC high speed range. However, in the slow
speed range, the output may drop. TIle main bore size selection should be
deletmined by variouc; fuctors such as: (I) whether the vehicle is intended for
racing. (2) the design of the engine, (3) riding technique of the rider, (4) the
rider's preference, etc. In addition, the maximum output, the maximum
torque, and the minimum numb..'T of rcvolutionc; for stable engine operation
must also be taken into accounL Fig. 1 0 shows the values which we h3Ve
obtained throughout experience over the years.
Since the engine comes in a wide variety of types.,
the values given in Fig. I0 should be taken only as reference values.
5. CARBURETOR SETTING
Once the main bore SIZe oflhe carburetor is detennined, a lest
(llonnaUy referred 10 as selting or matching) 10 select the proper jet
or setting pan should be made. The size of the jet is determined by
lDeaswing the output in a bench or in a chassis dyno lest. For racing.
Air,Fuel MiXll11-:
il is best 10 detennine the proper si7..e of the jel on the
racing course.
ri: =.:: -:.-.~: -::.-.-.-.: -: ~~ :~~:~ ~~::: :::: .: ~ :.::.::: -i
i: ~
'. : . i: . '
: I
Start<r !:
PI_ .. :I:
I·
!l
1i
:. '::' .::i " l!£IoJl.;;iI--1--1t+
~ :
: =- _ .. :~.-----::. ::::.::. -.'"=Â¥--.:.::.. -. :.:..-.-.:: : :.:::
FUel • Al.r
Jel ocrdte
81eed type
systom
The following points must be taken inlo account:
I) The altitude (atmospheric pressure),
lemperature and humidity of the racing course.
2) The opera lion of the eng inc based on
the topography of the racing wurse.
3) Generally, carburetor tuning is done in four
SLages: idle, low speed, mid-range, and high speed in
thai order. With the Mikuni, each stage is controlled
by a separare componenl simplifying the tuning
process. The engine cylinders need
to take sufficient air and fuel mixed in proper
amOllots . The function of a carburelor is 10 prepare
and supply a mixture of fuel vapor and air to the
engine cyl inders in the proper ralio for efficient
combustion.
5

6
GENERAl CARB
A. ~ Pilot Jet and the Low Speed Fuel
& 16) (Air Screw type carburetors only)
of the carburetor, the pHo! mulel
size is in relation 10 Ihe main bore of
the and selection of 11lC pi 10\ jet and
Im,,,,n"l11 Tum the throttle a little at no-load operation
and see if the revolution iocreases smoothly. if the pilot is
too small, increase in the engine speed will be slow and irregular.
a on the other hand, would give rise 10 heavy exhaust
smoke as well as a dull exhauSI noise. If you cannol maintain the
in the range of 12·25 mph with the throttle pilot is too
small.
Selection and of the air screw should be made in Ihe
foJlowmg manner. warm up the adequately and set the idle
screw so thai the revolutioQ at will be about 10-20%
than 1l1C of revolutions you are aiming at. TIlen, rum the
screw left and (between 1/4 and 1121um) and select the position
wbere the revolution reaches the maximum. Adjust the idle
screw to down the engine revolution 10 your targel for
idling. After adjustment of the idle screw is made, select once more
the position where tne engine revolution reaches the maximwn,
turning the air screw left and right (bet'Ween 1/4 and 112 AI
this poin!, attention should be paid to the following
I)
2)
of the air screw
where fast can obtained, (for instance. the
nwnber ofrevolulions does no! change in the range of
1-112 LO 2.0 for you should select
1-1/2 turns.
To determine the "fully closed" position oflne air screw,
tum the air screw slightly. Excessive tighlening of the air screw
would damage the scal. TIle where the air screw comes
10 a Slop should be closed" The
maximum nwnber of turns in the of the
be limited 10 3.0. If the air screw is over 3.0 films,the
spring will nol work and the air screw can come ofT during
operation of the vehicle. 16 shows Ihe fuel now curve in
relation 10 the a.tr screw.
.e!
:::J
c:
'E 1- ....... ~f---Ac.r.,t~II----F"'-+---j
&
'"
.g l--cA---+-Ij,L.,,4,4-+----+~____I
:::J
'0
i; I---~+----I-
a::
1.0
Air screw opening
B. - The Cutaway of the
Throttle (Fig.l7)
The size of 1l1e cutaway of the t.hrottle valve affects Ihe air-
fuel mixture ralio when the degree of the throttle valve is
between 1/8 and 112, especially in the range of 118 and 1/4 UIJC;,,"'I!..
As lhe cutaway gelS in size, with the IllfOttie valve
kepI unchanged, air resistance is reduced and causes
amoUIlI of air intake 10 resulting in a lean mixture. On the
olher hand, the smaller !lIe size of the cutaway, tlle richer the air-fuel
mixture will become. of tllC cutaway is made, when Ine
low speed fuel system is CUI of balance with the main fuel system.
CA Cutaway
Fig. 17 shows the fuelliow curve
in relation to the size of the liULilIWlj!!f.

-
C. - Selection of NEEDLE JET and
NEEDLE (Fig.13 & 14)
A carburetor with
a piston-type tbroll Ie
val ve is also called a
variable venturi-type
carburetor. In this type of
carburetor, the needle jet
and the needle serve to
control a proper air- fuel
mixture ratio during the
so-called medium thtonk
valve opening (between
1/4 and 3/4 opening). 11le
rigbt combination of
needle jet and needle will
have a major bearing on
the engine performance at
partial load. The jet
needle tapers off at one
end and the clearance
between the needle find
.
...
-3
""L.J.4
~
~2
16
NHOLE
4
60 76
the needle jet increases as Throttle ""Ive op&ning
the throttle valve opening
gets wider . The air-fuel
1001%)
mixture is controlled by the height of the needle positioning clip that
is insened into one of the live slots provided in the head of the
needle. The variation of fuel flow based on the height of the clip is
shown in Fig. 13 .
Generally, it is
easier to evaluate and
select a needle jet than it is
to select a jet needle. The
reason is that the needle
jet sizes are arranged on a
linear scale, with each size
increasing in increments .
(For a thorough
explanation of needle jet
sizes please refer to
Chapter 5.) let needles are
not cataloged according to
a linear size pattern or a
rich to lean scale. The
most effective way to
determine the needle jet /
jet needle relationsbip is to
visualize the jet needle as
a tool for setting the fuel
del i very curve, or the
shape of the fuel deli very
according to throllie
NEEDLE JET
100
opening. The needlc jet controls the fuel delivery rate, either
increasing or decreasing the fuel delivery according to the pro(i]e of
tbe needle being used. Sudco suggests that initially, experiments
should be limited to changes in needle jet size. Once a satisfactory
size has been identified, experiment with needle clip position to obtain
the best driveabililY and roll-on performance. If one is working with
an O.E.M. Mikuni carburetor, it is safe to assume that tbe
manufacturer has already selected the proper needle or "fuel curve"
for that motorcycle and changing the needle profile will complicate
the runing process. Once the correct needle jet size has been identified
and if becomes apparent that a change in needle profile is necessary,
then refer to the needle dimensiou chans in Chapter 5.
To evaluate the performance of the needle jet, run the
motorcycle in thl!d gear at 1/4 throttle, taking notes on how the engine
accelerates from 1/4 to 1/2 throttle only. The engine should respond
cleanly and crispLy without sputtering or bogging. It may be useful 10 try
experimenting witll clip positions to decide if a problem is a rich or lean
condition. If the engine response is \)coer at a lean clip position. it may be
necessary to change to a leaner needle jet Sudco suggests that it is best to
use as lean a needle jet as possible, as this component will have the
greatest effect on fuel economy, emissions, and general driveability. Lf a
leaner needle jet is installed and there is no negative impact on
perfonnancc, and no positive cffect. continue working in the direction of
"lean" Wltillhere are negative results and go back up one size.
D. - Selection of the Main Jet
First. do !lIe following on a flat road.
I) Select the largest main jet (the limit ofa rich mixture) which
can give you the ma'Cimum revolutions per minufe (the
maximum speed) , In this case, select the engine speed
according to the dimensions of the test course.
2) Compare the gain in speed that you can obtain by quick
acceleration rrom a constant speed of25-30 MPH to ma'"(imum
desired speed, by using different sizes of main jets .
3) Check the exhaust fumes and read the spark plug (selection
of the spark plug shonld be made based on the thermal value
that would best suit powcr oU'1>ut of the engine).
Next, compare on the racing course, the test results you
obtained from abovc. The points to be checked, amoug others, are:
I) Smooth and steady operation of the engine at as high a
speed as possible under varying operatiug couditions
sueh as shifting of the gears, changes in road conditions,
ascending and desccnding slopes, etc.
2) Sustained operation 8t low speeds and at heavy engine load
3) Sustained operation at high speeds (without knocking or seizure).
CAUTION : Sel~don of too lean a main jet may C41use
severe engine overheating, and subsequent pIston seizure.
Fig.12 shows comparison of fuel flow cu rYes. The straight
line is for Model C main jet and the dotted line for Model A
aDd B main jets. In each model of main jet, different sizes
within the range of +10% were tried.
61.
-----------:J.20 - 22/'41
,10-12."'. ·S-I()(lIl
-8 - 101%1
20- 211'41
,00
7

(I
SUDECARB
6. MAINTENANCE
A carburetor cOllsisls of various precision-
machined parts such as jets, needles, valves, ele,
lIell"""'<:;, care should be exercised, when removing
or disassembling !l1l: carburetor for
I) Proper tools should be used for 1'1\.<1.<, ... ,,1,,1 OM''''
and reassembling Handle each part
carefully 10 avoid scralches, elc.
2) Wash the jets and the carburetor
solvent and blow them out with ... "'m .... ,..,.·<r>rI alf.
3) For carburetors whose mainjel can be replaced from
the oUlSide.. an "0" is used 10 leakage of fuel.
Wllen you fil the "0" apply a lubricant or fuel.
4) II is importanllo maintain the fuel level in the carhurelor.
J:)() nOI touch the noat ann, when the carburetor. [f
the Aoat arm is benl accidentally, of rib
10 the specific measurement (refer to
TUNlNGlHE CARBURElORFOR
RACING
'n)e maximum output o(the engioe depends on:
1) The amount of air drawn into Ihe cylinders
2) Wlu:ther an air-fuel mix\l..!re is delivered to the
in iii proper ratio
Since the amount of air that is drawn inlo the the carburetor
varies with the temperature, the pressure, humidity, eIC.,
Lbe IJ"I.ixmre ralio is also II is therefore, thaI the
fuel flow be adjusted in accordance the altitude of the racing
course and meteorological condilions
A. - in Relation
to Meteorological Conditions
The amount of air drawn inlo the cylinders is innuenced by
such factors as the altitude, Ihe temperature, the clc.
that the amount of air sucked into the
elevation of zero is taken as 100 (the teillperarure humidity in
this case are considered The amount or air in question
decreases in proportion to a rise elevation as shown in Fig.19.
Reduction in tllC amount of air drawn into the cylinders changes the
air-fuel mixture ralio, with the result that the power output drops
m!lfkedly. Fig.20 shows the relation between II rise in lemperature
and the amount of air drawn into Ihe cylinders (in this case, the
and the humidi!y are considered
the amount of air going into the cylinders al 32
C) is taken as 100). lo the case of the for
where maximum output is constantly called best
10 tUIlc up the engine by making a lesE of the carburetor in
aceordance with the lemperature and otheT conditions on [he
course.
Float Height information for other
carburetor designs listed within the
section pertaining to that carburetor.
100
t 90
~ 80
~
o
:;:
b
<t.
t
lOD
90
~ 80
~
:;:
'-
<t.
a
o
31
500 1000 1500 2000
Altitude 1m)
10
50
20
68
Temperature
30
8S
-
40
104 (oFl
-
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If your ATV is experiencing starting issues, backfiring, stalling, or power loss at high or low RPM, it may be time to give some attention to the carburetor. This article focuses on the maintenance of the Keihin CVK32 carburetor, but the principles discussed are applicable to other models as well.
Whether you are a professional mechanic or a DIY enthusiast, these manuals provide valuable insights and instructions for maintaining and troubleshooting your ATV's carburetor.