1. Oil filter<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nNo\nmatter what type or model of vehicle you own, the part you\u2019ll need\nto replace the most is the oil filter. The lubrication system is\nvital to the proper operation of any internal combustion engine.\nDepending on the car manufacturer, how your vehicle\u2019s lubrication\nsystem is designed, and the type of oil used, you\u2019ll need to get\nthe engine oil and oil filter replaced every 5,000 km to 20,000 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n2. Air filter<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThe engine air filter will also need to be replaced on a regular basis. Most car manufacturers will recommend the replacement around 40,000 km, but you really need to replace it only when it\u2019s dirty or clogged. Driving regularly on unpaved or gravel roads will greatly shorten the lifespan of your air filter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Failing to replace a dirty air filter will minimize the airflow to the engine and will reduce your vehicle’s fuel efficiency. Air filters are usually pretty inexpensive, so don’t hesitate to replace them when needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you frequently drive off-road or live in a dusty or arid climate, installing a \u201cwet\u201d air filter might be a good idea to save money on air filter replacement. This type of filter can be cleaned and reused indefinitely. Be warned that \u201cwet\u201d filters, unlike dry filters, need to be properly oiled to do their job. A wet filter not cleaned, oiled, and maintained often enough will cause more harm than good to your engine in the end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n3. Drive belt<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSince\nthe alternator, water pump, oil pump, power-steering (unless your car\nis equipped with an electric power-steering system), and A\/C\ncompressor are all powered by the drive belt, your vehicle won\u2019t go\nthat far without a drive belt in good working condition. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Even though drive belts are manufactured using rubber specifically made to withstand the biggest temperature gaps possible, the rubber will end up drying out and will start to crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When the cracks are big enough, the belt will loosen up and could slip on the pulleys, producing a squealing sound. When it happens, failing to replace it in time could lead to the belt tearing up and ultimately bringing the car to a halt. Without a drive belt, the alternator cannot do its job anymore, and the car will stop as soon as the battery is drained from its power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Belts\nshould be inspected at every oil change and replaced as soon as\nsurface glazing or cracks are detected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n4. Cabin filter<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nCabin filters, also called pollen filters, are used to clean the air entering the cabin from contaminants like pollen and dust. A clogged cabin filter will greatly reduce the efficiency of your climate control system. There’s no fixed service interval for this part since it depends on the climate you live in, the kind of roads you travel onto, and the mileage you drive every year. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most cabin filters are located behind the glove box and are easy to replace. Simply unhook the glove box, remove the cabin filter cover and pull out the filter. Replacing a cabin filter takes a maximum of 10 min, and most car dealers will often charge over $60 to do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nBraking\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n5. Brake pads and rotors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nRight after oil changes and routine maintenance work, brake pads and rotors replacements<\/a> are the most common job mechanics must perform daily. Brakes are used every time you drive your car, so they\u2019ll need to be replaced from time to time. <\/p>\n\n\n\nWhen\nyou step on the brake pedal, the brake pads are pressed onto the\nrotors and slow down the car. The rubbing of both components on each\nother will lead them to wear out and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Furthermore,\nin the case of an emergency brake situation, the rotors\u2019\ntemperature will suddenly rise and could cause the rotors to warp.\nWarped disc brakes will make the brake pedal vibrate and will cause\npremature wear of the brake pads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\nensure your brakes last as often as possible, make sure to have your\nbrake system serviced every year or 24,000km, depending on whichever\ncomes first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n6. Wheel speed sensors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nWhenever an ABS warning light is popping up on the dashboard, the problem is usually related to wheel speed sensors. These sensors are located on the knuckles, pointing towards the speed sensor rings installed on the driveshafts or the wheel bearings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because of their location, they are constantly exposed to the outside elements while you drive your car. They get filled with snow and salt in the winter and water and dirt in the summer. Consequently, it\u2019s common to see rust infiltrating the sensors and damaging the inside components, leading to false readings and DTCs being recorded in the PCM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Using an OBD2 scan tool to read the DTC codes will let you know which sensor is damaged and isn\u2019t sending data to the powertrain module anymore. When in doubt, test the voltage output in the suspected wheel speed sensor\u2019s connector. Refer to your vehicle\u2019s repair manual<\/a> for the correct specification, and replace the wheel speed sensors if the value is out of the normal threshold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nSuspension\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n7. Stabilizer links<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSuspension components are constantly under stress. They have to absorb the shocks coming from all bumps and potholes on the roads. Therefore, it’s only natural that these auto parts need to be replaced more often than others. Stabilizer links are, by far, the most common car parts<\/a> to fail in the suspension system. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThis may or may not be true, depending on the car model you drive. Car manufacturers use different link designs, and some are simply more efficient and reliable than others. For example, Dodge Chargers will rarely have stabilizer links problems because they are bigger and sturdier than most. Hyundai and most Korean vehicles, on the other hand, often need to replace a link or two every 30,000km or so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Conversely, stabilizer links on Korean cars are often quite inexpensive and can usually be replaced in under 1 hour, while other suspension problems on American cars may take longer to repair and be more expensive in the end. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n8. Ball joints<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nBall\njoints are used to allow your front wheels to move on the vertical\naxis. Every time your car hits a crack or a small bump on the road,\nthe ball joints are solicited. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ball joints are lubricated from the factory, and a rubber seal is used to prevent water and dirt to enter. After a while, the seal will dry out and crack, and rust will start to accumulate on the bottom of the ball joint, pushing the grease out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Water will also be able to enter and will wash out the remaining grease, Whenever it happens, the ball joint will become loose in the socket, and a knocking sound will be heard every time that wheel hits a bump, and a squealing sound could be heard when the steering wheel is turned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A loose ball joint can be tested with the wheel raised on a jack by shaking the wheel up and down. If the wheel has play in it, the ball joint is faulty, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\naware that failing to replace a loose ball joint could lead to more\nexpensive repairs and even a car crash. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n9. Control arm bushings<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThese\nbushings are located at the other end of the control arms holding the\nball joints. They typically don\u2019t include rotating joints like ball\njoints do and instead use polyurethane bushings to allow the arms to\ngo up and down. As with any other rubber components, they tend to dry\nout and crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In\nmost cases, when a control arm bushing is faulty, you should be able\nto notice the inside sleeve part sliding out of the bushing. When it\nhappens, a low “thump” or metal noise will be heard when\ndriving over potholes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Depending on the car model, control arms bushing may be expensive to replace. For example, Mazda 3s are equipped with bolt-on front bushing that can be replaced in about an hour, while replacing rear bushings on Ford Explorers requires the complete disassembly of the rear drivetrain and about 6-7 hours of work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Car manufacturers have designed better and more reliable bushings in recent years. Faulty control arm bushings may not be as frequent as they used to be on more recent vehicles. However, if you own a car made before 2015, be prepared to replace these bushings once the car is at least 8 years old.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n10. Shock Absorbers<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nShock absorbers, also called suspension struts, are a little bit different. Unlike other suspension components mentioned before, they rarely need to be replaced because of water causing rust and creating a play inside of it. Instead, struts usually need to be replaced because they are leaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The oil contained inside shock absorbers is used to absorb the unevenness of the road. When the seals dry out, the oil will start to leak around the shock\u2019s rod, and the oil level will gradually lower until the strut has no dampening effect anymore. Once the fluid level inside the shock reaches a certain level, you should easily notice how the car starts to bounce for an excessive amount of time after each bump on the road. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\ntest it, shake the car while it\u2019s parked on a level surface and\ncount the number of bounce after you let it go. A normal suspension\nshould stop the car from moving in 1\u00bd bounce. Visually inspecting\nthe shock can also help. If the shock is greasy, the oil is leaking\nsomewhere, and it should be replaced right away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nSteering\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n11. Inner tie rods and tie rod ends<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nTie rods and tie rod ends do the same job as ball joints do, if only they allow the wheel to move horizontally instead of vertically. They are built following the same basic principle and thus are subject to the same defects. Rust will usually be able to enter between the ball and its housing and will cause a play in the wheel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The\ninspection process is also the same as with a ball joint. Raise the\ncar and inspect for play while shaking the wheel from side to side.\nBe warned that a loose inner tie rod will feel the same as a loose\ntie rod end. To isolate the problem, touch both components\nalternately while shaking the wheel. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you have access to a car hoist, alternately pulling onto each component while shaking the wheel could help too. If the play disappears when you are pulling onto the tie rod end, the problem comes from that component. If not, the problem comes from the inner tie rod instead, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nIgnition\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n12. Spark plugs<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nOn all internal combustion engines, it\u2019s the spark plugs\u2019 job to ignite the air\/fuel mixture to create an explosion and ultimately make the car move forward. Spark plugs must withstand an enormous amount of pressure every time an explosion happens. On a typical engine turning at 2000rpm, each spark plug will fire 1000 times per minute, and each explosion can produce pressure reaching over 30,000 lb\/ft2. The temperature inside the cylinder can also reach over 4,500 \u00b0F right after the explosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As time passes, the center electrode will wear out, and misfires could occur. Excessive heat can also cause the insulator to crack, and the faulty spark plugs will end up being short-to-ground and won\u2019t spark anymore. When it occurs, there\u2019s nothing else to do than replace the plugs altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Different types of spark plugs will need to be replaced at different intervals. For example, cheap copper plugs usually last around 50,000km, while iridium plugs often last more than 120,000km. Iridium plugs can cost 5 to 10 times more than standard ones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Choosing the right ones for your vehicle depends on how complicated replacing the spark plugs is. If putting new plugs in requires the disassembly of the intake manifold, like on a V6 engine, for instance, installing iridium spar plugs might be a good idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Oil-Filter.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nNo\nmatter what type or model of vehicle you own, the part you\u2019ll need\nto replace the most is the oil filter. The lubrication system is\nvital to the proper operation of any internal combustion engine.\nDepending on the car manufacturer, how your vehicle\u2019s lubrication\nsystem is designed, and the type of oil used, you\u2019ll need to get\nthe engine oil and oil filter replaced every 5,000 km to 20,000 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Air filter<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThe engine air filter will also need to be replaced on a regular basis. Most car manufacturers will recommend the replacement around 40,000 km, but you really need to replace it only when it\u2019s dirty or clogged. Driving regularly on unpaved or gravel roads will greatly shorten the lifespan of your air filter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Failing to replace a dirty air filter will minimize the airflow to the engine and will reduce your vehicle’s fuel efficiency. Air filters are usually pretty inexpensive, so don’t hesitate to replace them when needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you frequently drive off-road or live in a dusty or arid climate, installing a \u201cwet\u201d air filter might be a good idea to save money on air filter replacement. This type of filter can be cleaned and reused indefinitely. Be warned that \u201cwet\u201d filters, unlike dry filters, need to be properly oiled to do their job. A wet filter not cleaned, oiled, and maintained often enough will cause more harm than good to your engine in the end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n3. Drive belt<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSince\nthe alternator, water pump, oil pump, power-steering (unless your car\nis equipped with an electric power-steering system), and A\/C\ncompressor are all powered by the drive belt, your vehicle won\u2019t go\nthat far without a drive belt in good working condition. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Even though drive belts are manufactured using rubber specifically made to withstand the biggest temperature gaps possible, the rubber will end up drying out and will start to crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When the cracks are big enough, the belt will loosen up and could slip on the pulleys, producing a squealing sound. When it happens, failing to replace it in time could lead to the belt tearing up and ultimately bringing the car to a halt. Without a drive belt, the alternator cannot do its job anymore, and the car will stop as soon as the battery is drained from its power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Belts\nshould be inspected at every oil change and replaced as soon as\nsurface glazing or cracks are detected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n4. Cabin filter<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nCabin filters, also called pollen filters, are used to clean the air entering the cabin from contaminants like pollen and dust. A clogged cabin filter will greatly reduce the efficiency of your climate control system. There’s no fixed service interval for this part since it depends on the climate you live in, the kind of roads you travel onto, and the mileage you drive every year. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most cabin filters are located behind the glove box and are easy to replace. Simply unhook the glove box, remove the cabin filter cover and pull out the filter. Replacing a cabin filter takes a maximum of 10 min, and most car dealers will often charge over $60 to do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nBraking\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n5. Brake pads and rotors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nRight after oil changes and routine maintenance work, brake pads and rotors replacements<\/a> are the most common job mechanics must perform daily. Brakes are used every time you drive your car, so they\u2019ll need to be replaced from time to time. <\/p>\n\n\n\nWhen\nyou step on the brake pedal, the brake pads are pressed onto the\nrotors and slow down the car. The rubbing of both components on each\nother will lead them to wear out and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Furthermore,\nin the case of an emergency brake situation, the rotors\u2019\ntemperature will suddenly rise and could cause the rotors to warp.\nWarped disc brakes will make the brake pedal vibrate and will cause\npremature wear of the brake pads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\nensure your brakes last as often as possible, make sure to have your\nbrake system serviced every year or 24,000km, depending on whichever\ncomes first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n6. Wheel speed sensors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nWhenever an ABS warning light is popping up on the dashboard, the problem is usually related to wheel speed sensors. These sensors are located on the knuckles, pointing towards the speed sensor rings installed on the driveshafts or the wheel bearings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because of their location, they are constantly exposed to the outside elements while you drive your car. They get filled with snow and salt in the winter and water and dirt in the summer. Consequently, it\u2019s common to see rust infiltrating the sensors and damaging the inside components, leading to false readings and DTCs being recorded in the PCM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Using an OBD2 scan tool to read the DTC codes will let you know which sensor is damaged and isn\u2019t sending data to the powertrain module anymore. When in doubt, test the voltage output in the suspected wheel speed sensor\u2019s connector. Refer to your vehicle\u2019s repair manual<\/a> for the correct specification, and replace the wheel speed sensors if the value is out of the normal threshold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nSuspension\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n7. Stabilizer links<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSuspension components are constantly under stress. They have to absorb the shocks coming from all bumps and potholes on the roads. Therefore, it’s only natural that these auto parts need to be replaced more often than others. Stabilizer links are, by far, the most common car parts<\/a> to fail in the suspension system. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThis may or may not be true, depending on the car model you drive. Car manufacturers use different link designs, and some are simply more efficient and reliable than others. For example, Dodge Chargers will rarely have stabilizer links problems because they are bigger and sturdier than most. Hyundai and most Korean vehicles, on the other hand, often need to replace a link or two every 30,000km or so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Conversely, stabilizer links on Korean cars are often quite inexpensive and can usually be replaced in under 1 hour, while other suspension problems on American cars may take longer to repair and be more expensive in the end. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n8. Ball joints<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nBall\njoints are used to allow your front wheels to move on the vertical\naxis. Every time your car hits a crack or a small bump on the road,\nthe ball joints are solicited. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ball joints are lubricated from the factory, and a rubber seal is used to prevent water and dirt to enter. After a while, the seal will dry out and crack, and rust will start to accumulate on the bottom of the ball joint, pushing the grease out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Water will also be able to enter and will wash out the remaining grease, Whenever it happens, the ball joint will become loose in the socket, and a knocking sound will be heard every time that wheel hits a bump, and a squealing sound could be heard when the steering wheel is turned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A loose ball joint can be tested with the wheel raised on a jack by shaking the wheel up and down. If the wheel has play in it, the ball joint is faulty, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\naware that failing to replace a loose ball joint could lead to more\nexpensive repairs and even a car crash. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n9. Control arm bushings<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThese\nbushings are located at the other end of the control arms holding the\nball joints. They typically don\u2019t include rotating joints like ball\njoints do and instead use polyurethane bushings to allow the arms to\ngo up and down. As with any other rubber components, they tend to dry\nout and crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In\nmost cases, when a control arm bushing is faulty, you should be able\nto notice the inside sleeve part sliding out of the bushing. When it\nhappens, a low “thump” or metal noise will be heard when\ndriving over potholes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Depending on the car model, control arms bushing may be expensive to replace. For example, Mazda 3s are equipped with bolt-on front bushing that can be replaced in about an hour, while replacing rear bushings on Ford Explorers requires the complete disassembly of the rear drivetrain and about 6-7 hours of work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Car manufacturers have designed better and more reliable bushings in recent years. Faulty control arm bushings may not be as frequent as they used to be on more recent vehicles. However, if you own a car made before 2015, be prepared to replace these bushings once the car is at least 8 years old.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n10. Shock Absorbers<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nShock absorbers, also called suspension struts, are a little bit different. Unlike other suspension components mentioned before, they rarely need to be replaced because of water causing rust and creating a play inside of it. Instead, struts usually need to be replaced because they are leaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The oil contained inside shock absorbers is used to absorb the unevenness of the road. When the seals dry out, the oil will start to leak around the shock\u2019s rod, and the oil level will gradually lower until the strut has no dampening effect anymore. Once the fluid level inside the shock reaches a certain level, you should easily notice how the car starts to bounce for an excessive amount of time after each bump on the road. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\ntest it, shake the car while it\u2019s parked on a level surface and\ncount the number of bounce after you let it go. A normal suspension\nshould stop the car from moving in 1\u00bd bounce. Visually inspecting\nthe shock can also help. If the shock is greasy, the oil is leaking\nsomewhere, and it should be replaced right away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nSteering\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n11. Inner tie rods and tie rod ends<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nTie rods and tie rod ends do the same job as ball joints do, if only they allow the wheel to move horizontally instead of vertically. They are built following the same basic principle and thus are subject to the same defects. Rust will usually be able to enter between the ball and its housing and will cause a play in the wheel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The\ninspection process is also the same as with a ball joint. Raise the\ncar and inspect for play while shaking the wheel from side to side.\nBe warned that a loose inner tie rod will feel the same as a loose\ntie rod end. To isolate the problem, touch both components\nalternately while shaking the wheel. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you have access to a car hoist, alternately pulling onto each component while shaking the wheel could help too. If the play disappears when you are pulling onto the tie rod end, the problem comes from that component. If not, the problem comes from the inner tie rod instead, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nIgnition\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n12. Spark plugs<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nOn all internal combustion engines, it\u2019s the spark plugs\u2019 job to ignite the air\/fuel mixture to create an explosion and ultimately make the car move forward. Spark plugs must withstand an enormous amount of pressure every time an explosion happens. On a typical engine turning at 2000rpm, each spark plug will fire 1000 times per minute, and each explosion can produce pressure reaching over 30,000 lb\/ft2. The temperature inside the cylinder can also reach over 4,500 \u00b0F right after the explosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As time passes, the center electrode will wear out, and misfires could occur. Excessive heat can also cause the insulator to crack, and the faulty spark plugs will end up being short-to-ground and won\u2019t spark anymore. When it occurs, there\u2019s nothing else to do than replace the plugs altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Different types of spark plugs will need to be replaced at different intervals. For example, cheap copper plugs usually last around 50,000km, while iridium plugs often last more than 120,000km. Iridium plugs can cost 5 to 10 times more than standard ones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Choosing the right ones for your vehicle depends on how complicated replacing the spark plugs is. If putting new plugs in requires the disassembly of the intake manifold, like on a V6 engine, for instance, installing iridium spar plugs might be a good idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Air-Filter.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThe engine air filter will also need to be replaced on a regular basis. Most car manufacturers will recommend the replacement around 40,000 km, but you really need to replace it only when it\u2019s dirty or clogged. Driving regularly on unpaved or gravel roads will greatly shorten the lifespan of your air filter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Failing to replace a dirty air filter will minimize the airflow to the engine and will reduce your vehicle’s fuel efficiency. Air filters are usually pretty inexpensive, so don’t hesitate to replace them when needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you frequently drive off-road or live in a dusty or arid climate, installing a \u201cwet\u201d air filter might be a good idea to save money on air filter replacement. This type of filter can be cleaned and reused indefinitely. Be warned that \u201cwet\u201d filters, unlike dry filters, need to be properly oiled to do their job. A wet filter not cleaned, oiled, and maintained often enough will cause more harm than good to your engine in the end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Drive belt<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSince\nthe alternator, water pump, oil pump, power-steering (unless your car\nis equipped with an electric power-steering system), and A\/C\ncompressor are all powered by the drive belt, your vehicle won\u2019t go\nthat far without a drive belt in good working condition. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Even though drive belts are manufactured using rubber specifically made to withstand the biggest temperature gaps possible, the rubber will end up drying out and will start to crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When the cracks are big enough, the belt will loosen up and could slip on the pulleys, producing a squealing sound. When it happens, failing to replace it in time could lead to the belt tearing up and ultimately bringing the car to a halt. Without a drive belt, the alternator cannot do its job anymore, and the car will stop as soon as the battery is drained from its power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Belts\nshould be inspected at every oil change and replaced as soon as\nsurface glazing or cracks are detected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n4. Cabin filter<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nCabin filters, also called pollen filters, are used to clean the air entering the cabin from contaminants like pollen and dust. A clogged cabin filter will greatly reduce the efficiency of your climate control system. There’s no fixed service interval for this part since it depends on the climate you live in, the kind of roads you travel onto, and the mileage you drive every year. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most cabin filters are located behind the glove box and are easy to replace. Simply unhook the glove box, remove the cabin filter cover and pull out the filter. Replacing a cabin filter takes a maximum of 10 min, and most car dealers will often charge over $60 to do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nBraking\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n5. Brake pads and rotors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nRight after oil changes and routine maintenance work, brake pads and rotors replacements<\/a> are the most common job mechanics must perform daily. Brakes are used every time you drive your car, so they\u2019ll need to be replaced from time to time. <\/p>\n\n\n\nWhen\nyou step on the brake pedal, the brake pads are pressed onto the\nrotors and slow down the car. The rubbing of both components on each\nother will lead them to wear out and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Furthermore,\nin the case of an emergency brake situation, the rotors\u2019\ntemperature will suddenly rise and could cause the rotors to warp.\nWarped disc brakes will make the brake pedal vibrate and will cause\npremature wear of the brake pads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\nensure your brakes last as often as possible, make sure to have your\nbrake system serviced every year or 24,000km, depending on whichever\ncomes first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n6. Wheel speed sensors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nWhenever an ABS warning light is popping up on the dashboard, the problem is usually related to wheel speed sensors. These sensors are located on the knuckles, pointing towards the speed sensor rings installed on the driveshafts or the wheel bearings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because of their location, they are constantly exposed to the outside elements while you drive your car. They get filled with snow and salt in the winter and water and dirt in the summer. Consequently, it\u2019s common to see rust infiltrating the sensors and damaging the inside components, leading to false readings and DTCs being recorded in the PCM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Using an OBD2 scan tool to read the DTC codes will let you know which sensor is damaged and isn\u2019t sending data to the powertrain module anymore. When in doubt, test the voltage output in the suspected wheel speed sensor\u2019s connector. Refer to your vehicle\u2019s repair manual<\/a> for the correct specification, and replace the wheel speed sensors if the value is out of the normal threshold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nSuspension\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n7. Stabilizer links<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSuspension components are constantly under stress. They have to absorb the shocks coming from all bumps and potholes on the roads. Therefore, it’s only natural that these auto parts need to be replaced more often than others. Stabilizer links are, by far, the most common car parts<\/a> to fail in the suspension system. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThis may or may not be true, depending on the car model you drive. Car manufacturers use different link designs, and some are simply more efficient and reliable than others. For example, Dodge Chargers will rarely have stabilizer links problems because they are bigger and sturdier than most. Hyundai and most Korean vehicles, on the other hand, often need to replace a link or two every 30,000km or so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Conversely, stabilizer links on Korean cars are often quite inexpensive and can usually be replaced in under 1 hour, while other suspension problems on American cars may take longer to repair and be more expensive in the end. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n8. Ball joints<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nBall\njoints are used to allow your front wheels to move on the vertical\naxis. Every time your car hits a crack or a small bump on the road,\nthe ball joints are solicited. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ball joints are lubricated from the factory, and a rubber seal is used to prevent water and dirt to enter. After a while, the seal will dry out and crack, and rust will start to accumulate on the bottom of the ball joint, pushing the grease out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Water will also be able to enter and will wash out the remaining grease, Whenever it happens, the ball joint will become loose in the socket, and a knocking sound will be heard every time that wheel hits a bump, and a squealing sound could be heard when the steering wheel is turned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A loose ball joint can be tested with the wheel raised on a jack by shaking the wheel up and down. If the wheel has play in it, the ball joint is faulty, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\naware that failing to replace a loose ball joint could lead to more\nexpensive repairs and even a car crash. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n9. Control arm bushings<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThese\nbushings are located at the other end of the control arms holding the\nball joints. They typically don\u2019t include rotating joints like ball\njoints do and instead use polyurethane bushings to allow the arms to\ngo up and down. As with any other rubber components, they tend to dry\nout and crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In\nmost cases, when a control arm bushing is faulty, you should be able\nto notice the inside sleeve part sliding out of the bushing. When it\nhappens, a low “thump” or metal noise will be heard when\ndriving over potholes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Depending on the car model, control arms bushing may be expensive to replace. For example, Mazda 3s are equipped with bolt-on front bushing that can be replaced in about an hour, while replacing rear bushings on Ford Explorers requires the complete disassembly of the rear drivetrain and about 6-7 hours of work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Car manufacturers have designed better and more reliable bushings in recent years. Faulty control arm bushings may not be as frequent as they used to be on more recent vehicles. However, if you own a car made before 2015, be prepared to replace these bushings once the car is at least 8 years old.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n10. Shock Absorbers<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nShock absorbers, also called suspension struts, are a little bit different. Unlike other suspension components mentioned before, they rarely need to be replaced because of water causing rust and creating a play inside of it. Instead, struts usually need to be replaced because they are leaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The oil contained inside shock absorbers is used to absorb the unevenness of the road. When the seals dry out, the oil will start to leak around the shock\u2019s rod, and the oil level will gradually lower until the strut has no dampening effect anymore. Once the fluid level inside the shock reaches a certain level, you should easily notice how the car starts to bounce for an excessive amount of time after each bump on the road. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\ntest it, shake the car while it\u2019s parked on a level surface and\ncount the number of bounce after you let it go. A normal suspension\nshould stop the car from moving in 1\u00bd bounce. Visually inspecting\nthe shock can also help. If the shock is greasy, the oil is leaking\nsomewhere, and it should be replaced right away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nSteering\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n11. Inner tie rods and tie rod ends<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nTie rods and tie rod ends do the same job as ball joints do, if only they allow the wheel to move horizontally instead of vertically. They are built following the same basic principle and thus are subject to the same defects. Rust will usually be able to enter between the ball and its housing and will cause a play in the wheel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The\ninspection process is also the same as with a ball joint. Raise the\ncar and inspect for play while shaking the wheel from side to side.\nBe warned that a loose inner tie rod will feel the same as a loose\ntie rod end. To isolate the problem, touch both components\nalternately while shaking the wheel. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you have access to a car hoist, alternately pulling onto each component while shaking the wheel could help too. If the play disappears when you are pulling onto the tie rod end, the problem comes from that component. If not, the problem comes from the inner tie rod instead, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nIgnition\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n12. Spark plugs<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nOn all internal combustion engines, it\u2019s the spark plugs\u2019 job to ignite the air\/fuel mixture to create an explosion and ultimately make the car move forward. Spark plugs must withstand an enormous amount of pressure every time an explosion happens. On a typical engine turning at 2000rpm, each spark plug will fire 1000 times per minute, and each explosion can produce pressure reaching over 30,000 lb\/ft2. The temperature inside the cylinder can also reach over 4,500 \u00b0F right after the explosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As time passes, the center electrode will wear out, and misfires could occur. Excessive heat can also cause the insulator to crack, and the faulty spark plugs will end up being short-to-ground and won\u2019t spark anymore. When it occurs, there\u2019s nothing else to do than replace the plugs altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Different types of spark plugs will need to be replaced at different intervals. For example, cheap copper plugs usually last around 50,000km, while iridium plugs often last more than 120,000km. Iridium plugs can cost 5 to 10 times more than standard ones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Choosing the right ones for your vehicle depends on how complicated replacing the spark plugs is. If putting new plugs in requires the disassembly of the intake manifold, like on a V6 engine, for instance, installing iridium spar plugs might be a good idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Drive-Belt.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSince\nthe alternator, water pump, oil pump, power-steering (unless your car\nis equipped with an electric power-steering system), and A\/C\ncompressor are all powered by the drive belt, your vehicle won\u2019t go\nthat far without a drive belt in good working condition. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Even though drive belts are manufactured using rubber specifically made to withstand the biggest temperature gaps possible, the rubber will end up drying out and will start to crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When the cracks are big enough, the belt will loosen up and could slip on the pulleys, producing a squealing sound. When it happens, failing to replace it in time could lead to the belt tearing up and ultimately bringing the car to a halt. Without a drive belt, the alternator cannot do its job anymore, and the car will stop as soon as the battery is drained from its power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Belts\nshould be inspected at every oil change and replaced as soon as\nsurface glazing or cracks are detected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Cabin filter<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nCabin filters, also called pollen filters, are used to clean the air entering the cabin from contaminants like pollen and dust. A clogged cabin filter will greatly reduce the efficiency of your climate control system. There’s no fixed service interval for this part since it depends on the climate you live in, the kind of roads you travel onto, and the mileage you drive every year. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most cabin filters are located behind the glove box and are easy to replace. Simply unhook the glove box, remove the cabin filter cover and pull out the filter. Replacing a cabin filter takes a maximum of 10 min, and most car dealers will often charge over $60 to do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nBraking\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n5. Brake pads and rotors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nRight after oil changes and routine maintenance work, brake pads and rotors replacements<\/a> are the most common job mechanics must perform daily. Brakes are used every time you drive your car, so they\u2019ll need to be replaced from time to time. <\/p>\n\n\n\nWhen\nyou step on the brake pedal, the brake pads are pressed onto the\nrotors and slow down the car. The rubbing of both components on each\nother will lead them to wear out and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Furthermore,\nin the case of an emergency brake situation, the rotors\u2019\ntemperature will suddenly rise and could cause the rotors to warp.\nWarped disc brakes will make the brake pedal vibrate and will cause\npremature wear of the brake pads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\nensure your brakes last as often as possible, make sure to have your\nbrake system serviced every year or 24,000km, depending on whichever\ncomes first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n6. Wheel speed sensors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nWhenever an ABS warning light is popping up on the dashboard, the problem is usually related to wheel speed sensors. These sensors are located on the knuckles, pointing towards the speed sensor rings installed on the driveshafts or the wheel bearings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because of their location, they are constantly exposed to the outside elements while you drive your car. They get filled with snow and salt in the winter and water and dirt in the summer. Consequently, it\u2019s common to see rust infiltrating the sensors and damaging the inside components, leading to false readings and DTCs being recorded in the PCM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Using an OBD2 scan tool to read the DTC codes will let you know which sensor is damaged and isn\u2019t sending data to the powertrain module anymore. When in doubt, test the voltage output in the suspected wheel speed sensor\u2019s connector. Refer to your vehicle\u2019s repair manual<\/a> for the correct specification, and replace the wheel speed sensors if the value is out of the normal threshold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nSuspension\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n7. Stabilizer links<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSuspension components are constantly under stress. They have to absorb the shocks coming from all bumps and potholes on the roads. Therefore, it’s only natural that these auto parts need to be replaced more often than others. Stabilizer links are, by far, the most common car parts<\/a> to fail in the suspension system. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThis may or may not be true, depending on the car model you drive. Car manufacturers use different link designs, and some are simply more efficient and reliable than others. For example, Dodge Chargers will rarely have stabilizer links problems because they are bigger and sturdier than most. Hyundai and most Korean vehicles, on the other hand, often need to replace a link or two every 30,000km or so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Conversely, stabilizer links on Korean cars are often quite inexpensive and can usually be replaced in under 1 hour, while other suspension problems on American cars may take longer to repair and be more expensive in the end. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n8. Ball joints<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nBall\njoints are used to allow your front wheels to move on the vertical\naxis. Every time your car hits a crack or a small bump on the road,\nthe ball joints are solicited. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ball joints are lubricated from the factory, and a rubber seal is used to prevent water and dirt to enter. After a while, the seal will dry out and crack, and rust will start to accumulate on the bottom of the ball joint, pushing the grease out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Water will also be able to enter and will wash out the remaining grease, Whenever it happens, the ball joint will become loose in the socket, and a knocking sound will be heard every time that wheel hits a bump, and a squealing sound could be heard when the steering wheel is turned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A loose ball joint can be tested with the wheel raised on a jack by shaking the wheel up and down. If the wheel has play in it, the ball joint is faulty, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\naware that failing to replace a loose ball joint could lead to more\nexpensive repairs and even a car crash. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n9. Control arm bushings<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThese\nbushings are located at the other end of the control arms holding the\nball joints. They typically don\u2019t include rotating joints like ball\njoints do and instead use polyurethane bushings to allow the arms to\ngo up and down. As with any other rubber components, they tend to dry\nout and crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In\nmost cases, when a control arm bushing is faulty, you should be able\nto notice the inside sleeve part sliding out of the bushing. When it\nhappens, a low “thump” or metal noise will be heard when\ndriving over potholes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Depending on the car model, control arms bushing may be expensive to replace. For example, Mazda 3s are equipped with bolt-on front bushing that can be replaced in about an hour, while replacing rear bushings on Ford Explorers requires the complete disassembly of the rear drivetrain and about 6-7 hours of work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Car manufacturers have designed better and more reliable bushings in recent years. Faulty control arm bushings may not be as frequent as they used to be on more recent vehicles. However, if you own a car made before 2015, be prepared to replace these bushings once the car is at least 8 years old.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n10. Shock Absorbers<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nShock absorbers, also called suspension struts, are a little bit different. Unlike other suspension components mentioned before, they rarely need to be replaced because of water causing rust and creating a play inside of it. Instead, struts usually need to be replaced because they are leaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The oil contained inside shock absorbers is used to absorb the unevenness of the road. When the seals dry out, the oil will start to leak around the shock\u2019s rod, and the oil level will gradually lower until the strut has no dampening effect anymore. Once the fluid level inside the shock reaches a certain level, you should easily notice how the car starts to bounce for an excessive amount of time after each bump on the road. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\ntest it, shake the car while it\u2019s parked on a level surface and\ncount the number of bounce after you let it go. A normal suspension\nshould stop the car from moving in 1\u00bd bounce. Visually inspecting\nthe shock can also help. If the shock is greasy, the oil is leaking\nsomewhere, and it should be replaced right away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nSteering\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n11. Inner tie rods and tie rod ends<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nTie rods and tie rod ends do the same job as ball joints do, if only they allow the wheel to move horizontally instead of vertically. They are built following the same basic principle and thus are subject to the same defects. Rust will usually be able to enter between the ball and its housing and will cause a play in the wheel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The\ninspection process is also the same as with a ball joint. Raise the\ncar and inspect for play while shaking the wheel from side to side.\nBe warned that a loose inner tie rod will feel the same as a loose\ntie rod end. To isolate the problem, touch both components\nalternately while shaking the wheel. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you have access to a car hoist, alternately pulling onto each component while shaking the wheel could help too. If the play disappears when you are pulling onto the tie rod end, the problem comes from that component. If not, the problem comes from the inner tie rod instead, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nIgnition\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n12. Spark plugs<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nOn all internal combustion engines, it\u2019s the spark plugs\u2019 job to ignite the air\/fuel mixture to create an explosion and ultimately make the car move forward. Spark plugs must withstand an enormous amount of pressure every time an explosion happens. On a typical engine turning at 2000rpm, each spark plug will fire 1000 times per minute, and each explosion can produce pressure reaching over 30,000 lb\/ft2. The temperature inside the cylinder can also reach over 4,500 \u00b0F right after the explosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As time passes, the center electrode will wear out, and misfires could occur. Excessive heat can also cause the insulator to crack, and the faulty spark plugs will end up being short-to-ground and won\u2019t spark anymore. When it occurs, there\u2019s nothing else to do than replace the plugs altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Different types of spark plugs will need to be replaced at different intervals. For example, cheap copper plugs usually last around 50,000km, while iridium plugs often last more than 120,000km. Iridium plugs can cost 5 to 10 times more than standard ones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Choosing the right ones for your vehicle depends on how complicated replacing the spark plugs is. If putting new plugs in requires the disassembly of the intake manifold, like on a V6 engine, for instance, installing iridium spar plugs might be a good idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Cabin-Air-Filter.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nCabin filters, also called pollen filters, are used to clean the air entering the cabin from contaminants like pollen and dust. A clogged cabin filter will greatly reduce the efficiency of your climate control system. There’s no fixed service interval for this part since it depends on the climate you live in, the kind of roads you travel onto, and the mileage you drive every year. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most cabin filters are located behind the glove box and are easy to replace. Simply unhook the glove box, remove the cabin filter cover and pull out the filter. Replacing a cabin filter takes a maximum of 10 min, and most car dealers will often charge over $60 to do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Braking\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n5. Brake pads and rotors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nRight after oil changes and routine maintenance work, brake pads and rotors replacements<\/a> are the most common job mechanics must perform daily. Brakes are used every time you drive your car, so they\u2019ll need to be replaced from time to time. <\/p>\n\n\n\nWhen\nyou step on the brake pedal, the brake pads are pressed onto the\nrotors and slow down the car. The rubbing of both components on each\nother will lead them to wear out and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Furthermore,\nin the case of an emergency brake situation, the rotors\u2019\ntemperature will suddenly rise and could cause the rotors to warp.\nWarped disc brakes will make the brake pedal vibrate and will cause\npremature wear of the brake pads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\nensure your brakes last as often as possible, make sure to have your\nbrake system serviced every year or 24,000km, depending on whichever\ncomes first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n6. Wheel speed sensors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nWhenever an ABS warning light is popping up on the dashboard, the problem is usually related to wheel speed sensors. These sensors are located on the knuckles, pointing towards the speed sensor rings installed on the driveshafts or the wheel bearings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because of their location, they are constantly exposed to the outside elements while you drive your car. They get filled with snow and salt in the winter and water and dirt in the summer. Consequently, it\u2019s common to see rust infiltrating the sensors and damaging the inside components, leading to false readings and DTCs being recorded in the PCM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Using an OBD2 scan tool to read the DTC codes will let you know which sensor is damaged and isn\u2019t sending data to the powertrain module anymore. When in doubt, test the voltage output in the suspected wheel speed sensor\u2019s connector. Refer to your vehicle\u2019s repair manual<\/a> for the correct specification, and replace the wheel speed sensors if the value is out of the normal threshold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nSuspension\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n7. Stabilizer links<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSuspension components are constantly under stress. They have to absorb the shocks coming from all bumps and potholes on the roads. Therefore, it’s only natural that these auto parts need to be replaced more often than others. Stabilizer links are, by far, the most common car parts<\/a> to fail in the suspension system. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThis may or may not be true, depending on the car model you drive. Car manufacturers use different link designs, and some are simply more efficient and reliable than others. For example, Dodge Chargers will rarely have stabilizer links problems because they are bigger and sturdier than most. Hyundai and most Korean vehicles, on the other hand, often need to replace a link or two every 30,000km or so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Conversely, stabilizer links on Korean cars are often quite inexpensive and can usually be replaced in under 1 hour, while other suspension problems on American cars may take longer to repair and be more expensive in the end. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n8. Ball joints<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nBall\njoints are used to allow your front wheels to move on the vertical\naxis. Every time your car hits a crack or a small bump on the road,\nthe ball joints are solicited. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ball joints are lubricated from the factory, and a rubber seal is used to prevent water and dirt to enter. After a while, the seal will dry out and crack, and rust will start to accumulate on the bottom of the ball joint, pushing the grease out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Water will also be able to enter and will wash out the remaining grease, Whenever it happens, the ball joint will become loose in the socket, and a knocking sound will be heard every time that wheel hits a bump, and a squealing sound could be heard when the steering wheel is turned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A loose ball joint can be tested with the wheel raised on a jack by shaking the wheel up and down. If the wheel has play in it, the ball joint is faulty, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\naware that failing to replace a loose ball joint could lead to more\nexpensive repairs and even a car crash. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n9. Control arm bushings<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nThese\nbushings are located at the other end of the control arms holding the\nball joints. They typically don\u2019t include rotating joints like ball\njoints do and instead use polyurethane bushings to allow the arms to\ngo up and down. As with any other rubber components, they tend to dry\nout and crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In\nmost cases, when a control arm bushing is faulty, you should be able\nto notice the inside sleeve part sliding out of the bushing. When it\nhappens, a low “thump” or metal noise will be heard when\ndriving over potholes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Depending on the car model, control arms bushing may be expensive to replace. For example, Mazda 3s are equipped with bolt-on front bushing that can be replaced in about an hour, while replacing rear bushings on Ford Explorers requires the complete disassembly of the rear drivetrain and about 6-7 hours of work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Car manufacturers have designed better and more reliable bushings in recent years. Faulty control arm bushings may not be as frequent as they used to be on more recent vehicles. However, if you own a car made before 2015, be prepared to replace these bushings once the car is at least 8 years old.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n10. Shock Absorbers<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nShock absorbers, also called suspension struts, are a little bit different. Unlike other suspension components mentioned before, they rarely need to be replaced because of water causing rust and creating a play inside of it. Instead, struts usually need to be replaced because they are leaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The oil contained inside shock absorbers is used to absorb the unevenness of the road. When the seals dry out, the oil will start to leak around the shock\u2019s rod, and the oil level will gradually lower until the strut has no dampening effect anymore. Once the fluid level inside the shock reaches a certain level, you should easily notice how the car starts to bounce for an excessive amount of time after each bump on the road. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
To\ntest it, shake the car while it\u2019s parked on a level surface and\ncount the number of bounce after you let it go. A normal suspension\nshould stop the car from moving in 1\u00bd bounce. Visually inspecting\nthe shock can also help. If the shock is greasy, the oil is leaking\nsomewhere, and it should be replaced right away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nSteering\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n11. Inner tie rods and tie rod ends<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nTie rods and tie rod ends do the same job as ball joints do, if only they allow the wheel to move horizontally instead of vertically. They are built following the same basic principle and thus are subject to the same defects. Rust will usually be able to enter between the ball and its housing and will cause a play in the wheel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The\ninspection process is also the same as with a ball joint. Raise the\ncar and inspect for play while shaking the wheel from side to side.\nBe warned that a loose inner tie rod will feel the same as a loose\ntie rod end. To isolate the problem, touch both components\nalternately while shaking the wheel. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you have access to a car hoist, alternately pulling onto each component while shaking the wheel could help too. If the play disappears when you are pulling onto the tie rod end, the problem comes from that component. If not, the problem comes from the inner tie rod instead, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\nIgnition\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n12. Spark plugs<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nOn all internal combustion engines, it\u2019s the spark plugs\u2019 job to ignite the air\/fuel mixture to create an explosion and ultimately make the car move forward. Spark plugs must withstand an enormous amount of pressure every time an explosion happens. On a typical engine turning at 2000rpm, each spark plug will fire 1000 times per minute, and each explosion can produce pressure reaching over 30,000 lb\/ft2. The temperature inside the cylinder can also reach over 4,500 \u00b0F right after the explosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As time passes, the center electrode will wear out, and misfires could occur. Excessive heat can also cause the insulator to crack, and the faulty spark plugs will end up being short-to-ground and won\u2019t spark anymore. When it occurs, there\u2019s nothing else to do than replace the plugs altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Different types of spark plugs will need to be replaced at different intervals. For example, cheap copper plugs usually last around 50,000km, while iridium plugs often last more than 120,000km. Iridium plugs can cost 5 to 10 times more than standard ones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Choosing the right ones for your vehicle depends on how complicated replacing the spark plugs is. If putting new plugs in requires the disassembly of the intake manifold, like on a V6 engine, for instance, installing iridium spar plugs might be a good idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Brake-Pads-Rotors.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nRight after oil changes and routine maintenance work, brake pads and rotors replacements<\/a> are the most common job mechanics must perform daily. Brakes are used every time you drive your car, so they\u2019ll need to be replaced from time to time. <\/p>\n\n\n\n When\nyou step on the brake pedal, the brake pads are pressed onto the\nrotors and slow down the car. The rubbing of both components on each\nother will lead them to wear out and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Furthermore,\nin the case of an emergency brake situation, the rotors\u2019\ntemperature will suddenly rise and could cause the rotors to warp.\nWarped disc brakes will make the brake pedal vibrate and will cause\npremature wear of the brake pads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To\nensure your brakes last as often as possible, make sure to have your\nbrake system serviced every year or 24,000km, depending on whichever\ncomes first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Whenever an ABS warning light is popping up on the dashboard, the problem is usually related to wheel speed sensors. These sensors are located on the knuckles, pointing towards the speed sensor rings installed on the driveshafts or the wheel bearings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Because of their location, they are constantly exposed to the outside elements while you drive your car. They get filled with snow and salt in the winter and water and dirt in the summer. Consequently, it\u2019s common to see rust infiltrating the sensors and damaging the inside components, leading to false readings and DTCs being recorded in the PCM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Using an OBD2 scan tool to read the DTC codes will let you know which sensor is damaged and isn\u2019t sending data to the powertrain module anymore. When in doubt, test the voltage output in the suspected wheel speed sensor\u2019s connector. Refer to your vehicle\u2019s repair manual<\/a> for the correct specification, and replace the wheel speed sensors if the value is out of the normal threshold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Suspension components are constantly under stress. They have to absorb the shocks coming from all bumps and potholes on the roads. Therefore, it’s only natural that these auto parts need to be replaced more often than others. Stabilizer links are, by far, the most common car parts<\/a> to fail in the suspension system. <\/p>\n\n\n\n This may or may not be true, depending on the car model you drive. Car manufacturers use different link designs, and some are simply more efficient and reliable than others. For example, Dodge Chargers will rarely have stabilizer links problems because they are bigger and sturdier than most. Hyundai and most Korean vehicles, on the other hand, often need to replace a link or two every 30,000km or so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Conversely, stabilizer links on Korean cars are often quite inexpensive and can usually be replaced in under 1 hour, while other suspension problems on American cars may take longer to repair and be more expensive in the end. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ball\njoints are used to allow your front wheels to move on the vertical\naxis. Every time your car hits a crack or a small bump on the road,\nthe ball joints are solicited. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ball joints are lubricated from the factory, and a rubber seal is used to prevent water and dirt to enter. After a while, the seal will dry out and crack, and rust will start to accumulate on the bottom of the ball joint, pushing the grease out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Water will also be able to enter and will wash out the remaining grease, Whenever it happens, the ball joint will become loose in the socket, and a knocking sound will be heard every time that wheel hits a bump, and a squealing sound could be heard when the steering wheel is turned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A loose ball joint can be tested with the wheel raised on a jack by shaking the wheel up and down. If the wheel has play in it, the ball joint is faulty, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Be\naware that failing to replace a loose ball joint could lead to more\nexpensive repairs and even a car crash. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n These\nbushings are located at the other end of the control arms holding the\nball joints. They typically don\u2019t include rotating joints like ball\njoints do and instead use polyurethane bushings to allow the arms to\ngo up and down. As with any other rubber components, they tend to dry\nout and crack with time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In\nmost cases, when a control arm bushing is faulty, you should be able\nto notice the inside sleeve part sliding out of the bushing. When it\nhappens, a low “thump” or metal noise will be heard when\ndriving over potholes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Depending on the car model, control arms bushing may be expensive to replace. For example, Mazda 3s are equipped with bolt-on front bushing that can be replaced in about an hour, while replacing rear bushings on Ford Explorers requires the complete disassembly of the rear drivetrain and about 6-7 hours of work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Car manufacturers have designed better and more reliable bushings in recent years. Faulty control arm bushings may not be as frequent as they used to be on more recent vehicles. However, if you own a car made before 2015, be prepared to replace these bushings once the car is at least 8 years old.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shock absorbers, also called suspension struts, are a little bit different. Unlike other suspension components mentioned before, they rarely need to be replaced because of water causing rust and creating a play inside of it. Instead, struts usually need to be replaced because they are leaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The oil contained inside shock absorbers is used to absorb the unevenness of the road. When the seals dry out, the oil will start to leak around the shock\u2019s rod, and the oil level will gradually lower until the strut has no dampening effect anymore. Once the fluid level inside the shock reaches a certain level, you should easily notice how the car starts to bounce for an excessive amount of time after each bump on the road. <\/p>\n\n\n\n To\ntest it, shake the car while it\u2019s parked on a level surface and\ncount the number of bounce after you let it go. A normal suspension\nshould stop the car from moving in 1\u00bd bounce. Visually inspecting\nthe shock can also help. If the shock is greasy, the oil is leaking\nsomewhere, and it should be replaced right away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tie rods and tie rod ends do the same job as ball joints do, if only they allow the wheel to move horizontally instead of vertically. They are built following the same basic principle and thus are subject to the same defects. Rust will usually be able to enter between the ball and its housing and will cause a play in the wheel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The\ninspection process is also the same as with a ball joint. Raise the\ncar and inspect for play while shaking the wheel from side to side.\nBe warned that a loose inner tie rod will feel the same as a loose\ntie rod end. To isolate the problem, touch both components\nalternately while shaking the wheel. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n If you have access to a car hoist, alternately pulling onto each component while shaking the wheel could help too. If the play disappears when you are pulling onto the tie rod end, the problem comes from that component. If not, the problem comes from the inner tie rod instead, and it will need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n On all internal combustion engines, it\u2019s the spark plugs\u2019 job to ignite the air\/fuel mixture to create an explosion and ultimately make the car move forward. Spark plugs must withstand an enormous amount of pressure every time an explosion happens. On a typical engine turning at 2000rpm, each spark plug will fire 1000 times per minute, and each explosion can produce pressure reaching over 30,000 lb\/ft2. The temperature inside the cylinder can also reach over 4,500 \u00b0F right after the explosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n As time passes, the center electrode will wear out, and misfires could occur. Excessive heat can also cause the insulator to crack, and the faulty spark plugs will end up being short-to-ground and won\u2019t spark anymore. When it occurs, there\u2019s nothing else to do than replace the plugs altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Different types of spark plugs will need to be replaced at different intervals. For example, cheap copper plugs usually last around 50,000km, while iridium plugs often last more than 120,000km. Iridium plugs can cost 5 to 10 times more than standard ones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Choosing the right ones for your vehicle depends on how complicated replacing the spark plugs is. If putting new plugs in requires the disassembly of the intake manifold, like on a V6 engine, for instance, installing iridium spar plugs might be a good idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n6. Wheel speed sensors<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n
![\"Wheel](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/WSS-e1569200524267.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSuspension\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
7. Stabilizer links<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n
![\"Stabilizer](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Stabilizer-link-e1569199063595.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n8. Ball joints<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Ball-Joints.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n9. Control arm bushings<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Control-arm-bushing.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n10. Shock Absorbers<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Shock-Absorber.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nSteering\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
11. Inner tie rods and tie rod ends<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Tie-Rod-End.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nIgnition\nsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
12. Spark plugs<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Spark-Plugs.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/O2-Sensor.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Car-Battery.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Alternator.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n![\"RIGHT-TO-REPAIR](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/RIGHT-TO-REPAIR-LAW.png\")
<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n![\"CVT](\"https:\/\/www.emanualonline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/CVT-TRANSMISSION-PROBLEMS.png\")
<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n